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Table of Contents

1. An Introduction to Medical Informatics: Administrative Uses of Computers in the Medical Office
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Clinical/Medical Informatics
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), and The Health Information Technology Decade
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) (2010)
Administrative Applications of Computer Technology in the Medical Office
The Patient Information Form
The Paper Medical Record
The Electronic Medical Record
The Personal Health Record
The Electronic Health Record
The eHealth Exchange
The EHR and Big Data Analytics
Computer Information Systems in Health Care
Medical Office Administrative Software: An Overview
    Coding and Grouping
Scheduling
Accounting
Insurance
    Claims
Accounting Reports
Does Computerization Improve Patient Outcomes?
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources

2. Telemedicine
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
Store-and-Forward Technology and Interactive Videoconferencing
Teleradiology
Telepathology
Teledermatology
Telecardiology
Teleneurology
    Telestroke
    Epilepsy
    Parkinson’s Disease
    E-mail and Digital Cameras in Teleneurology
Telepsychiatry
Remote Monitoring Devices
Telewound Care
Telehome Care
Telemedicine in Prison
Other Telemedicine Applications
The Telenurse
Smartphones and Tablet Computers
Is Telemedicine Effective?
Issues in Telemedicine
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

3. Information Technology in Public Health
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Introduction
    Definition
    Social Inequality, Poverty, and Health
Using Computers to Study Disease
Statistics and Epidemics: A Historical Overview
The Emergence of Diseases in the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries
    AIDS
    SARS
    Ebola Virus
    Antibiotic Resistance
        MRSA
        CRKP
        NDM-1
    Vector-Borne Diseases
        West Nile Virus
        Zika Virus
Using Information Technology to Track and Combat a 21st Century Epidemic: Cholera
Information Technology–Collection, Modeling, and Surveillance of Disease Agents
Computer Modeling of Disease: Health Statistics and Infectious Disease
    Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS)
Climate Change: Global Warming
The Public Health Response to Hurricane Katrina
The BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
A Note on the Earthquake, Tsunami, and Radiation Disaster in Japan
The Opioid Overdose Epidemic
Discussion
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

4. Information Technology in Radiology
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Introduction
X-Rays
Ultrasound
Digital Imaging Techniques
    Computed Tomography
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Positron Emission Tomography
    Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Scans
    Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)
    Bone Density Tests
Other Imaging Technology
Nanotechnology
Computer-Aided Detection
Picture Archiving and Communications Systems
Interventional Radiology: Bloodless Surgery
The Dangers of Medical Radiation
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

5. Information Technology in Surgery–The Cutting Edge
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
Computer-Assisted Surgery
    Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning
    Minimally Invasive Surgery
Computer-Assisted Surgery and Robotics
    ROBODOC, AESOP, ZEUS, da Vinci, MINERVA, NeuroArm, and Other Robotic Devices
    Issues in Robotic Surgery
    Augmented Reality
    Telepresence Surgery
    NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operation
The Operating Room of the Future
Lasers in Surgery
Discussion and Future Directions
    Nanotechnology
Conclusion
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

6. Information Technology in Pharmacy
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
The Food and Drug Administration
Uncertified Medicines
Biotechnology and the Human Genome Project
    Rational Drug Design
    Bioinformatics
    The Human Genome Project
    Developments in Biotechnology
Computer-Assisted Drug Trials
Computer-Assisted Drug Review
The Computerized Pharmacy
    Computers and Drug Errors
    The Automated Community Pharmacy
    Automating the Hospital Pharmacy
        The Hospital Pharmacy–Robots and Barcodes
        Point-of-Use Drug Dispensing
        Computerized IVS and Barcodes
        Radio Frequency Identification Tags
Telepharmacy
Drug Delivery on a Chip
Nanotechnology and Pharmacy
The Impact of Information Technology on Pharmacy
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources

7. Information Technology in Dentistry
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
Education
Administrative Applications
    The Electronic Dental Chart
Demographics and the Transformation of Dentistry
Computerized Instruments in Dentistry
Endodontics
Periodontics
Cosmetic Dentistry
Diagnosis and Expert Systems
Diagnostic Tools
    X-Rays
    Digital Radiography
    Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scanner
    Electrical Conductance
    Other Methods
        Light Illumination
Lasers in Dentistry
Minimally Invasive Dentistry
Surgery
Teledentistry
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

8. Informational Resources: Computer-Assisted Instruction, Expert Systems, Health Information Online
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
Education
    The Visible Human Project
    Computer-Assisted Instruction
    Simulation Software
    Virtual Reality Simulations
        Patient Simulators
    Distance Learning
Decision Support: Expert Systems
Health Information on the Internet
    Medical Literature Databases
    E-mail
    Self-Help on the Web
    Support Groups on the Web
    Judging the Reliability of Health Information on the Internet
Health-Related Smartphone and Tablet Computer Apps
Computers and Psychiatry
Conclusion
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

9. Information Technology in Rehabilitative Therapies: Computerized Medical Devices, Assistive Technology, and Prosthetic Devices
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Overview
Computerized Medical Instruments and Devices
    Computerized Devices in Optometry/Ophthalmology
Assistive Devices
    Augmentative Communication Devices
    Electronic Aids to Daily Living
Prosthetic Devices
Computerized Functional Electrical Stimulation Technology
Risks Posed by Implants
Computers in Rehabilitative Therapies
Conclusion
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites

10. Security and Privacy in an Electronic Age
Chapter Outline
Learning Objectives
Security and Privacy–An Overview
Threats to Information Technology
    Computer Technology and Crime
    Security
Privacy
    Databases
        Government Databases
        Private Databases
        Databases and the Internet
Privacy, Security, and Health Care
    Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) and HITECH
        Privacy of Medical Records Under HIPAA, HITECH, and the USA Patriot Act
        Telemedicine and Privacy
        E-mail and Privacy
        Privacy and Genetic Information
        Privacy and Electronic Health Records
In the News
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Notes
Additional Resources
Related Websites